Clinical and Molecular genetics of Stickler syndrome.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Stickler syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder with characteristic ophthalmological and orofacial features, deafness, and arthritis. Abnormalities of vitreous gel architecture are a pathognomonic feature, usually associated with high myopia which is congenital and non-progressive. There is a substantial risk of retinal detachment. Less common ophthalmological features include paravascular pigmented lattice degeneration and cataracts. Non-ocular features show great variation in expression. Children with Stickler syndrome typically have a flat midface with depressed nasal bridge, short nose, anteverted nares, and micrognathia. These features can become less pronounced with age. Midline clefting, if present, ranges in severity from a cleft of the soft palate to Pierre-Robin sequence. There is joint hypermobility which declines with age. Osteoarthritis develops typically in the third or fourth decade. Mild spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia is often apparent radiologically. Sensorineural deafness with high tone loss may be asymptomatic or mild. Occasional findings include slender extremities and long fingers. Stature and intellect are usually normal. Mitral valve prolapse was reported to be a common finding in one series but not in our experience. The majority of families with Stickler syndrome have mutations in the COL2A1 gene and show the characteristic type 1 vitreous phenotype. The remainder with the type 2 vitreous phenotype have mutations in COL11A1 or other loci yet to be identified. Mutations in COL111A2 can give rise to a syndrome with the systemic features of Stickler syndrome but no ophthalmological abnormality.
منابع مشابه
Clinical features of type 2 Stickler syndrome.
T he Stickler syndromes (hereditary arthro-ophthalmopathy; McKusick nos. 108300 and 604841) are one of the more frequently occurring groups of chondrodysplasias and are the commonest inherited cause of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. The majority of patients and pedigrees exhibit the type 1 or ‘‘membranous’’ vitreous phenotype 11 and harbour mutations in the gene for type II collagen (COL2A1...
متن کاملONLINE MUTATION REPORT Clinical features of type 2 Stickler syndrome
T he Stickler syndromes (hereditary arthro-ophthalmopathy; McKusick nos. 108300 and 604841) are one of the more frequently occurring groups of chondrodysplasias and are the commonest inherited cause of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. The majority of patients and pedigrees exhibit the type 1 or ‘‘membranous’’ vitreous phenotype 11 and harbour mutations in the gene for type II collagen (COL2A1...
متن کاملClinical evaluation and COL2A1 gene analysis in 21 Brazilian families with Stickler syndrome: identification of novel mutations, further genotype/phenotype correlation, and its implications for the diagnosis.
We present clinical and molecular evaluation from a large cohort of patients with Stickler syndrome: 78 individuals from 21 unrelated Brazilian families. The patients were selected in a Hospital with a craniofacial dysmorphology assistance service and clinical diagnosis was based on the presence of cleft palate associated to facial and ocular anomalies of Stickler syndrome. Analysis of COL2A1 g...
متن کاملSplicing mutations of 54-bp exons in the COL11A1 gene cause Marshall syndrome, but other mutations cause overlapping Marshall/Stickler phenotypes.
Stickler and Marshall syndromes are dominantly inherited chondrodysplasias characterized by midfacial hypoplasia, high myopia, and sensorineural-hearing deficit. Since the characteristics of these syndromes overlap, it has been argued whether they are distinct entities or different manifestations of a single syndrome. Several mutations causing Stickler syndrome have been found in the COL2A1 gen...
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عنوان ژورنال:
- Journal of medical genetics
دوره 36 5 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1999